向已安装好的Apache添加模块

//. 2017-02-07 //. 大D //. 实验室

背景故事

最近L同学单位搞了机房，搞了服务器，搞了新网站，然而L同学跟大D说网站慢的一笔。

又赶上春节期间偶感小病连躺好几天，也没腾出时间做事情，今天利用午休时间给L同学看了一下。

然而，大D都快瞎了啊~

大概列出几条罪状：

GZIP压缩没开
没有Pagespeed模块
网页资源文件（JS,CSS未合并）
php.ini中配置了memcached但没有正确安装并开启memcached

由于不熟悉L同学单位网站的源码情况，资源合并这事儿大D就不做了，把memcached正确配置上，GZIP开了速度也可以有很明显的提升。

于是习惯性的根据以前大D自己写在Blog上的博文来配置给Apache开启GZIP，然而。。

[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl -t
httpd: Syntax error on line 453 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so into server: /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
httpd: Syntax error on line 454 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so into server: /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl -t

httpd: Syntax error on line 453 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so into server: /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

httpd: Syntax error on line 454 of /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf: Cannot load /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so into server: /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

真是一口老血啊。。。。

于是又看一眼Apache安装的时候到底开了哪些模块？

[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl -l
Compiled in modules:
  core.c
  mod_authn_file.c
  mod_authn_default.c
  mod_authz_host.c
  mod_authz_groupfile.c
  mod_authz_user.c
  mod_authz_default.c
  mod_auth_basic.c
  mod_include.c
  mod_filter.c
  mod_log_config.c
  mod_env.c
  mod_setenvif.c
  mod_version.c
  mod_proxy.c
  mod_proxy_connect.c
  mod_proxy_ftp.c
  mod_proxy_http.c
  mod_proxy_scgi.c
  mod_proxy_ajp.c
  mod_proxy_balancer.c
  prefork.c
  http_core.c
  mod_mime.c
  mod_status.c
  mod_autoindex.c
  mod_asis.c
  mod_cgi.c
  mod_negotiation.c
  mod_dir.c
  mod_actions.c
  mod_userdir.c
  mod_alias.c
  mod_so.c

[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl -l

Compiled in modules:

core.c

mod_authn_file.c

mod_authn_default.c

mod_authz_host.c

mod_authz_groupfile.c

mod_authz_user.c

mod_authz_default.c

mod_auth_basic.c

mod_include.c

mod_filter.c

mod_log_config.c

mod_env.c

mod_setenvif.c

mod_version.c

mod_proxy.c

mod_proxy_connect.c

mod_proxy_ftp.c

mod_proxy_http.c

mod_proxy_scgi.c

mod_proxy_ajp.c

mod_proxy_balancer.c

prefork.c

http_core.c

mod_mime.c

mod_status.c

mod_autoindex.c

mod_asis.c

mod_cgi.c

mod_negotiation.c

mod_dir.c

mod_actions.c

mod_userdir.c

mod_alias.c

mod_so.c

我X，我不想说什么了。。。。

正文

在目睹了各种No such file or directory之后，只好向Apache添加模块了，这里就记录一下添加mod_headers.so和mod_deflate.so两个模块的过程。

首先查看一下安装的Apache是什么版本的。

[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl -v
Server version: Apache/2.2.29 (Unix)

1 2	[root@localhost bin]# ./apachectl -v Server version: Apache/2.2.29 (Unix)

ok，Apache 2.2.29，上网搜索一份Apache 2.2.29的源码并解压。

使用Apache自带的apxs进行模块安装。

apxs命令参数说明：
-i 此选项表示需要执行安装操作，以安装一个或多个动态共享对象到服务器的modules目录中。
-a 此选项自动增加一个LoadModule行到httpd.conf文件中，以激活此模块，或者，如果此行已经存在，则启用之。
-A 与 -a 选项类似，但是它增加的LoadModule命令有一个井号前缀(#)，即此模块已经准备就绪但尚未启用。
-c 此选项表示需要执行编译操作。它首先会编译C源程序(.c)files为对应的目标代码文件(.o)，然后连接这些目标代码和files中其余的目标代码文件(.o和.a)，以生成动态共享对象dsofile 。如果没有指定 -o 选项，则此输出文件名由files中的第一个文件名推测得到，也就是默认为mod_name.so 。

使用apxs安装mod_header模块

mod_headers.so模块的源码文件存储在/modules/metadata/目录下

[root@localhost metadata]# pwd
/root/httpd-2.2.29/modules/metadata

[root@localhost metadata]# pwd

/root/httpd-2.2.29/modules/metadata

ok，开始安装。

[root@localhost metadata]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_headers.c 
/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent --mode=compile gcc -prefer-pic   -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -g -O2 -pthread -I/usr/local/apache/include  -I/usr/local/apache/include   -I/usr/local/apache/include   -c -o mod_headers.lo mod_headers.c && touch mod_headers.slo
/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -o mod_headers.la  -rpath /usr/local/apache/modules -module -avoid-version    mod_headers.lo
/usr/local/apache/build/instdso.sh SH_LIBTOOL='/usr/local/apache/build/libtool' mod_headers.la /usr/local/apache/modules
/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --mode=install cp mod_headers.la /usr/local/apache/modules/
cp .libs/mod_headers.so /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so
cp .libs/mod_headers.lai /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.la
cp .libs/mod_headers.a /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.a
chmod 644 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.a
ranlib /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.a
PATH="$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/apache/modules
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Libraries have been installed in:
   /usr/local/apache/modules

If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'
flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
   - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable
     during execution
   - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable
     during linking
   - use the `-Wl,--rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag
   - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'

See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
chmod 755 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so
[activating module `headers' in /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf]

[root@localhost metadata]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_headers.c

/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent --mode=compile gcc -prefer-pic -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -g -O2 -pthread -I/usr/local/apache/include -I/usr/local/apache/include -I/usr/local/apache/include -c -o mod_headers.lo mod_headers.c && touch mod_headers.slo

/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -o mod_headers.la -rpath /usr/local/apache/modules -module -avoid-version mod_headers.lo

/usr/local/apache/build/instdso.sh SH_LIBTOOL='/usr/local/apache/build/libtool' mod_headers.la /usr/local/apache/modules

/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --mode=install cp mod_headers.la /usr/local/apache/modules/

cp .libs/mod_headers.so /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so

cp .libs/mod_headers.lai /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.la

cp .libs/mod_headers.a /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.a

chmod 644 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.a

ranlib /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.a

PATH="$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/apache/modules

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Libraries have been installed in:

/usr/local/apache/modules

If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries

in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and

specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'

flag during linking and do at least one of the following:

- add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable

during execution

- add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable

during linking

- use the `-Wl,--rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag

- have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'

See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for

more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

chmod 755 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_headers.so

[activating module `headers' in /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf]

使用apxs安装mod_deflate模块

mod_deflate.so模块的源码文件存储在：

[root@localhost filters]# pwd
/root/httpd-2.2.29/modules/filters

[root@localhost filters]# pwd

/root/httpd-2.2.29/modules/filters

这两个文件存储在不同的地方，还是需要留意的。

[root@localhost filters]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_deflate.c
/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent --mode=compile gcc -prefer-pic   -DLINUX -D_REENTRANT -D_GNU_SOURCE -g -O2 -pthread -I/usr/local/apache/include  -I/usr/local/apache/include   -I/usr/local/apache/include   -c -o mod_deflate.lo mod_deflate.c && touch mod_deflate.slo
/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -o mod_deflate.la  -rpath /usr/local/apache/modules -module -avoid-version    mod_deflate.lo
/usr/local/apache/build/instdso.sh SH_LIBTOOL='/usr/local/apache/build/libtool' mod_deflate.la /usr/local/apache/modules
/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --mode=install cp mod_deflate.la /usr/local/apache/modules/
cp .libs/mod_deflate.so /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so
cp .libs/mod_deflate.lai /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.la
cp .libs/mod_deflate.a /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.a
chmod 644 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.a
ranlib /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.a
PATH="$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/apache/modules
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Libraries have been installed in:
   /usr/local/apache/modules

If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'
flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
   - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable
     during execution
   - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable
     during linking
   - use the `-Wl,--rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag
   - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'

See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
chmod 755 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so
[activating module `deflate' in /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf]

[root@localhost filters]# /usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -a -c mod_deflate.c

/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --silent --mode=link gcc -o mod_deflate.la -rpath /usr/local/apache/modules -module -avoid-version mod_deflate.lo

/usr/local/apache/build/instdso.sh SH_LIBTOOL='/usr/local/apache/build/libtool' mod_deflate.la /usr/local/apache/modules

/usr/local/apache/build/libtool --mode=install cp mod_deflate.la /usr/local/apache/modules/

cp .libs/mod_deflate.so /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so

cp .libs/mod_deflate.lai /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.la

cp .libs/mod_deflate.a /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.a

chmod 644 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.a

ranlib /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.a

PATH="$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/apache/modules

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Libraries have been installed in:

/usr/local/apache/modules

If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries

in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and

specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR'

flag during linking and do at least one of the following:

- add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable

during execution

- add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable

during linking

- use the `-Wl,--rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag

- have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf'

See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for

more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

chmod 755 /usr/local/apache/modules/mod_deflate.so

[activating module `deflate' in /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf]

剩下的工作就是修改httpd.conf，添加开启GZIP的相关配置代码。

后记

网站开发商把服务器部署成这个德行我也是醉了。

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